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1. USPS Total Factor Productivity:
The Productivity Measure
The Postal Service measure of its productivity, Total Factor Productivity (TFP), includes all factors of production. TFP measures the growth in the ratio of resources used, or inputs, and the outputs, or products and services they produce. By tracking resource use and outputs, TFP provides a measure of historical performance.
The Postal Service’s main outputs are
delivered mail and the servicing of an expanding delivery network. To account for variations in resources used to process different types of mail, TFP weights each mail type according to its workload content and the amount of labor used in its processing and delivery. That measure of workload is determined by factors including size, weight, mailer preparation, such as bar coding and presorting, and mode of transportation used, such as air or highway. The Output Per Workhour component of TFP uses only labor input as a measure of resource use. In addition to labor, TFP also measures capital and materials inputs, such as mechanized and automated equipment, facilities, transportation, and other non-personnel costs. Multiple factors may cause TFP growth to vary in the short term. Expenditures to enhance service and improve customer satisfaction may cause short-term declines in TFP growth. TFP can fluctuate from one year to another because of time lags between making major investments and realizing the associated savings. Consequently, when assessing short-term productivity performance, consideration should be given to the factors affecting TFP growth.
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TABLE 3.7 PRODUCTIVITY |
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USPS Total Factor
Productivity |
USPS Output
per Workhour |
Multi Factor
Productivity1 |
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Annual2 |
Cumulative
From 1971 |
Annual |
Cumulative
From 1971 |
Annual2 |
Cumulative
From 1971 |
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1990 |
2.9 |
8.6 |
3.4 |
13.9 |
0.0 |
11.3 |
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1991 |
(1.8) |
6.8 |
(0.1) |
13.7 |
(1.0) |
10.3 |
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1992 |
0.4 |
7.2 |
1.0 |
14.8 |
2.0 |
12.3 |
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1993 |
3.8 |
11.0 |
4.6 |
19.4 |
0.5 |
12.8 |
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1994 |
(0.2) |
10.9 |
0.8 |
20.2 |
1.0 |
13.8 |
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1995 |
(1.9) |
8.9 |
(1.3) |
18.9 |
0.4 |
14.2 |
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1996 |
(1.3) |
7.6 |
(0.1) |
18.8 |
1.4 |
15.6 |
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1997 |
1.3 |
8.9 |
1.7 |
20.5 |
1.0 |
16.6 |
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1998 |
(1.0) |
7.9 |
1.2 |
21.7 |
1.2 |
17.8 |
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1999 |
(0.1) |
7.9 |
0.9 |
22.6 |
0.7 |
18.5 |
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2000 |
2.4 |
10.2 |
2.0 |
24.6 |
1.7 |
20.2 |
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2001 |
1.3 |
11.5 |
1.7 |
26.3 |
(0.5) |
19.7 |
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1 2001 MFP Data are estimates of DRI-WEFA. BLS Data for 2001 has not yet been released.
2 Historical data are subject to revision as certain data used in calculating productivity are periodically revised. Price indexes released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic Analysis that are used to calculate resource usage are subject to regualr historical revisions by these agencies. When historical revisions are released, they are incorporated into the TFP calculation, which can result in historical TFP revisions. THP for the reporting year is also subject to revision when final Postal Service cost data for the reporting year is available. Generally this revision soffurs in April of the following year.
Note: Certain Annual/Cumulative amounts may not sum due to rounding.
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