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PUBLICITY KIT

National Dog Bite Prevention Week, May 18-24, 2003

Contents

I. Watch Out - Looks Can Be Deceiving

II. FY 2001 & FY 2002 Total OSHA Recordable Dog Bite Accidents

III. Build Community Awareness Through Media Attention (Television, Radio, and Print)

• Dog bite prevention background

• Employee events the media will love

• News releases

• Media advisories

• Public service announcements

• Sample postmaster columns

IV. Community Involvement

• Sample speech to deliver in schools

• Poster contest

• Working with community leaders

V. Information for All Employees

• Stand-up talk

• True-or-false quiz: Are you an unwary visitor?

• Using dog repellent

• Material safety data sheet - Halt dog repellent

• Material safety data sheet - Back off dog repellent

• Basic dog bite prevention rules for letter carriers and rural carriers

• Job safety analysis - Confronting a dog attack

VI. For Postal Service Managers

• Progressive warning letters and thank-you letter

• Sample working letters

• Sample thank-you letter

VII. Additional Resources

• Area Public Affairs and Communications managers

• Humane Society of the United States regional offices

• State/manager/representative listing

• More resources

Postal Service employees can find an electronic version of the National Dog Bite Prevention Week publicity kit on the Intranet at http://blue.usps.gov; click on References, then click on Postmaster Toolkits. That electronic version makes it easy to complete the fill-in-the-blank materials included in the kit.

I. Watch Out - Looks Can Be Deceiving

"I didn't see or hear anything unusual until the dog clamped down on my arm."

"December 5th was the last day I got to use my right thumb."

"It was pretty rough for a while, but once I was able to get around on that walker, I was alright."

Today's headlines are filled with stories of children and adults who have been injured, or even killed, in vicious animal attacks. The letter carriers quoted above are among those who survived dog attacks, and whose bodies and minds will forever be marked by the incident.

The United States Postal Service continues its crusade against one of the nation's most commonly reported public health problems with this year's National Dog Bite Prevention Week program. The campaign, scheduled for the week of May 18-24, provides an opportunity for all Postal Service leaders to work to remind employees, customers, and community representatives of our joint responsibility to do everything possible to prevent animal attacks.

Contrary to what cartoonists and comedians might think about dogs and the letter carrier, children in the United States are the most frequent victims of dog bites. Children suffer more than 2 million incidents each year. In fiscal year 2002, the Postal Service averaged 10 dog bites per delivery day.

As we focus on the future of the Postal Service and on delivering value to the American public, we must do so with an ever-increasing resolve to promote the safety and well-being of our employees. Medical expenses, workers' compensation, legal costs, delivery curtailment, carrier replacement, and other costs associated with dog bite accidents are estimated to exceed $25 million annually for the Postal Service. The cost in employee pain and suffering cannot be measured.

In a move to continue the momentum of previously successful public safety campaigns, we're asking postmasters to work with employees' organizations, local humane societies, animal shelters, and professionals to focus attention on this important safety issue.

This publicity kit contains all the tools needed to promote employee awareness, community awareness, and pet owner awareness. The 3,070 Postal Service employees who sustained Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recordable injuries in fiscal year 2002 due to dog bites carry the memory of the incident with them every day. We carry the responsibility to use the tools in this kit to help prevent those costly and painful injuries by reminding our communities that dog bites are no laughing matter.

II. FY 2001 and FY 2002 Total OSHA Recordable Dog Bite Accidents

*Does not include dog incidents in which there was no dog bite.

III. Build Community Awareness Through Media Attention (Television, Radio, and Print)

The media has always been very interested in the Postal Service's National Dog Bite Prevention Week campaign. Members of the media can be your best allies when it comes to communicating the problem of animal attacks and the need for responsible pet ownership. Here are several ways to approach television, radio, and print media to get them to help promote awareness of this important issue.

Part III of this kit includes:

• Two ideas for enjoyable employee events that will be of particular interest to television stations and newspaper photographers, each followed by a news release and media advisory to announce your event.

• An offer to be interviewed combined with public service announcements (PSAs) to take or send to local radio stations.

• Sample postmaster columns that you can suggest to your local paper editor.

These simple strategies for television, radio, and print will help make your media campaign a success.

The bracket symbols "[ ]" indicate words for which you need to make a decision or insert information. If you need help with a media-related issue, contact your area Public Affairs and Communications manager (see Part VII).

Dog Bite Prevention Background

The Victims

• The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) reports that small children, the elderly, and letter carriers - in that order - are the most frequent victims. Dog attacks are the most commonly reported childhood public health problem in the United States.

• The HSUS also reports that the number of dog attacks exceeds the reported instances of measles, whooping cough, and mumps combined. Dog bite victims account for up to 5 percent of emergency room visits.

• Many of the OSHA recordable bites that were reported by 3,070 letter carriers in 2002 came from dog owners who said their dogs would not bite.

• According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, approximately 334,000 people are admitted to U.S. emergency departments annually with dog bite-associated injuries and another 466,000 are seen in other medical settings.

How to Avoid Being Bitten

• Don't run past a dog. The dog's natural instinct is to chase and catch prey.

• If a dog threatens you, don't scream. Avoid eye contact. Try to remain motionless until the dog leaves, then back away slowly until the dog is out of sight.

• Don't approach a strange dog, especially one that's tethered or confined.

• While letter carriers are discouraged from petting animals, people who choose to pet dogs should always let a dog see and sniff them before petting the animal.

How to Be a Responsible Dog Owner

• Obedience training can teach dogs proper behavior and help owners control their dog in any situation.

• When the letter carrier comes to your , keep your dog inside, away from the door, in another room or on a leash.

• Don't let your child take mail from the letter carrier in the presence of your dog. Your dog's instinct is to protect the family.

• Spay or neuter your dog. Neutered dogs are less likely to bite. HSUS statistics reflect that dogs that have not been spayed or neutered are up to three times more likely to bite than neutered or spayed dogs.

• Dogs that haven't been properly socialized, that receive little attention or handling, or are left tied up for long periods of time frequently turn into biters.

Employee Event the Media Will Love - A Chorus Line

Work with your employees to stage a 30-minute event in a public area inside or outside the Post Office, just before carriers depart for their routes. Ask which employees would be willing to show their scars and tell their stories about encounters with vicious animals. It's their opportunity to help customers, friends, and neighbors protect themselves and their children from similar pain.

Consider inviting someone from the local animal shelter, humane society, owners association, or neighborhood association, or pet trainers to talk about animal safety and responsible pet ownership. Providing a local animal shelter representative to speak to the community about animal behavior and dog bites gives the "third-party endorsement" reporters use to validate news stories.

If you are in a smaller community, think about partnering with neighboring postmasters to hold a joint event. You'll have more examples, and you will be able to interest media from surrounding communities.

Planning the Event

Complete and mail the news release along with the dog bite prevention background material 2 weeks before and the media advisory 2 days before, or the morning of, your event. You can also use the facts in the release to share brief remarks about the impact of dog bites on the Postal Service.

Give newspaper editors and television assignment editors a call between 10:00 A.M. and 11:00 A.M. a couple of days before the event as a follow-up to your original news release. You can also send the media advisory as another reminder. One note about a typical news day: Editors are usually making assignments in the morning and will be busy in the afternoon as their deadlines approach. Late- morning calls are usually better. Just in case the editor asks for more information, have the news release and media advisory available before you make your telephone calls.

Ask the editor if he or she would be interested in covering a photo opportunity of letter carriers lining up, chorus line style, to display their dog bite scars. You can create more interest if you describe dog bites as a community issue and not a Postal Service problem. Tell the editor that small children represent the majority of victims and are estimated to be 900 times more likely to be victimized by dog attacks than letter carriers.

Be sure to add that this is a good opportunity for the public to learn how to avoid dog bites, and an opportunity for dog owners to learn how to reduce the risk of their dog attacking someone.

On the Day of the Event

Designate an area in the parking lot for camera crews and have an alternative location in case it rains. Give your remarks and then introduce the local animal shelter representative, who will speak about dog behavior and about dog bites in the community. Just before your letter carriers are ready to leave for their routes, ask them to stand shoulder to shoulder and hold out their legs and/or arms to display their dog bite scars. You can even add music. At this point you'll probably see camera crews and photographers move in for close-up shots.

After a couple of minutes, when the activity starts to die down, inform the media that the letter carriers are available to talk about dog bites and how to avoid them. But remind them they have only a few minutes, as the carriers must leave to deliver the mail. If reporters ask to follow a letter carrier on their route, be sure to select someone who will represent your office well.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: [INSERT YOUR NAME]
[INSERT DATE] [INSERT YOUR PHONE NUMBER]
Internet: www.usps.com

NEWS RELEASE

A Different Kind of Chorus Line

[YOUR CITY] - A different kind of chorus line will be staged in a rather unusual setting on [DATE] promptly at [TIME]. It's all part of the Postal Service's annual National Dog Bite Prevention Week program. To help their customers - especially the youngest ones - U.S. Postal Service letter carriers at the [NAME OF OFFICE] at [ADDRESS OF OFFICE] are kicking up their heels and waving their arms to show the community the importance of preventing animal attacks.

While the country has become increasingly focused in the past year on the tragic injuries and deaths resulting from dog attacks, the Postal Service has been at the forefront of this issue for decades.

At one time experiencing as many as 7,000 dog bite injuries to its letter carriers in a year, the Postal Service partnered with the Humane Society of the United States and other interested parties to teach people how to avoid dog attacks and how to protect themselves if an attack occurs. In recent years, a strong emphasis has also been placed on educating the public about responsible pet ownership.

Between September 2001 and September 2002, the Postal Service recorded 3,070 OSHA recordable dog bite-related injuries to letter carriers. While that number is disturbing, the most frequent victims of dog attacks are children. American children suffer an average of 2 million dog bite injuries every year. "That's why our letter carriers have agreed to start `dancing in the street' to show the community their scars, share their stories, and help their customers avoid the kind of pain they have already suffered," says Postmaster [POSTMASTER'S NAME].

In addition to the letter carrier chorus line [LIST ANY OTHER OFFICIALS WHO WILL PARTICIPATE IN THE EVENT, for example, a safety or animal expert who can talk about how to avoid attacks and what to do if one occurs]. [ATTACH DOG BITE PREVENTION BACKGROUND.]

# # #

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: [INSERT YOUR NAME]
[INSERT DATE] [INSERT YOUR PHONE NUMBER]
Internet: www.usps.com

MEDIA ADVISORY

Letter Carriers at [CITY NAME] Post Office Set Up a Very Special Chorus Line
for a Very Special Reason

ATTENTION: News Editor

WHAT: Letter carriers of the [NAME] Post Office will line up chorus line style and display their dog bite scars to promote dog bite prevention. Postmaster [NAME] and [NAME] of [ANY OTHER PARTICIPATING HEALTH OR ANIMAL PROTECTION AGENCY] will speak about the problem of dog bites to the Postal Service and the community.

Media can also obtain tips on how to avoid dog bites and learn what dog owners can do to reduce the chances their pet will injure someone.

WHEN: [DATE AND TIME. Preferably no earlier than 10:00 A.M., or just before letter carriers depart for their routes].

WHERE: [POST OFFICE LOCATION]

BACKGROUND: The 3,070 letter carriers bitten by dogs last year pales in comparison to the more than 2 million children who were needlessly victimized by dogs. The owners of many canines involved in those attacks believed their pet would never bite. This year, the U.S. Postal Service and its letter carriers are working to prevent those painful, sometimes fatal, injuries by promoting community awareness and responsible pet ownership.

CONTACT: [NAME], postmaster at [TELEPHONE].

# # #

Employee Event the Media Will Love - a Picnic and a Parade

This is an opportunity to achieve two objectives. You can organize a Postal Service employee family event and at the same time make the community aware of the serious issue of dog attacks. Ask which employees would be willing to participate in a planning committee and then divide the tasks among them.

The event would start with a short parade, providing you have secured a permit, to the prearranged picnic site. Letter carriers and their families would parade through a residential neighborhood to bring attention to the issue of dog bite prevention. Signs with brief dog bite statistics and facts about prevention are a nice addition.

Invite letter carriers who have previously been injured by dogs to lead the parade. By walking with their families, they put a human face on the statistic of 3,070 letter carriers injured by OSHA-recordable dog bites last fiscal year. They can tell their stories, and perhaps show their scars, to help others avoid the kind of pain they have suffered.

Consider inviting someone from a local animal shelter to join you to talk about animal safety and responsible pet ownership. In smaller communities, consider partnering with neighboring postmasters to hold a joint event. You'll have more examples, and you will be able to interest media in surrounding communities.

Be mindful in selecting your parade route and picnic site. While it makes sense to use this opportunity to bring attention to problem areas of your community, do not create a parade route that you know to be unsafe. Also, check with city officials to obtain any necessary parade permits.

Planning the Event

Complete and mail the news release 2 weeks before your event. You can also use the facts in the release to share brief remarks about the impact of dog bites on the Postal Service.

Give newspaper editors and television assignment editors a call between 10:00 A.M. and 11:00 A.M. a couple of days before the event as a follow-up to your original news release. You can also send the media advisory as another reminder. One note about a typical news day: Editors are typically making assignments in the morning and will be busy in the afternoon as their deadlines approach. Late morning calls are usually better. Just in case the editor asks for more information, have the news release and media advisory available before you make your telephone calls.

Timing your parade to begin on a Sunday around 10:00 A.M. will give you the best chance for media coverage. Ask the editor if he or she would be interested in covering a parade of Postal Service employees and their families who are taking the message of dog bite prevention to the streets of their community. You can create more interest if you describe dog bites as a community issue and not a Postal Service problem. Tell the editor that small children represent the majority of victims and are estimated to be 900 times more likely to be victimized by dog attacks than letter carriers.

Be sure to add that this is a good opportunity for the public to learn how to avoid dog bites and an opportunity for dog owners to learn how to reduce the risk of their dog attacking someone. Make sure the news editor knows that they will be able to talk with letter carriers who have been bitten by dogs and learn how the event affected them and their families.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: [INSERT YOUR NAME]
[INSERT DATE] [INSERT YOUR PHONE NUMBER]
Internet: www.usps.com

NEWS RELEASE

[CITY NAME] Post Office and [LOCAL ANIMAL SHELTER]
Lead the Parade for Dog Bite Prevention

[YOUR CITY] - They walk the streets of [CITY] every day, but Sunday, [DATE] at [TIME], [YOUR CITY] letter carriers are bringing friends and family along with them to deliver a very special message. The message they will deliver has received a lot of media attention lately, but it is one that letter carriers have been concerned about for decades. It is the need for the entire community to work together to avoid the cost and pain of dog bites.

Last fiscal year more than 3,000 letter carriers in the nation suffered the pain of an OSHA- recordable dog bite. But that number pales in comparison to the more than 2 million children who received dog bite injuries in a single year. "That's why we're coming out on a Sunday to deliver this important message," says Postmaster [POSTMASTER NAME]. "Several of our letter carriers know first-hand about both the prevention and the pain of animal attacks, and we want to do whatever we can to help educate the community - especially parents and pet owners."

Letter carriers who are on the job, having recovered from animal attacks, will lead the parade and are available to talk about their experience. [NAME OF HEALTH CARE OR ANIMAL PROTECTION OFFICIAL] will join letter carriers along their route to talk about dog bite prevention and responsible pet ownership. A sample of some important facts that officials can share is attached. [ATTACH DOG BITE PREVENTION BACKGROUND.]

The parade route will be [DESCRIBE THE PARADE'S ROUTE SO REPORTERS CAN CATCH UP WITH YOU IF THEY MISS THE BEGINNING OF THE PARADE].

# # #

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: [INSERT YOUR NAME]
[INSERT DATE] [INSERT YOUR PHONE NUMBER]
Internet: www.usps.com

MEDIA ADVISORY

[CITY NAME] Post Office and [LOCAL ANIMAL SHELTER]
Deliver a Very Special Message This [DAY]

ATTENTION: News Editors

WHAT: Letter carriers of the [NAME] Post Office will be joined by their friends, family, children, and even some of their pets as they deliver a very important message to the community. [THE APPEARANCE OF A WELL-TRAINED DOG OWNED BY ONE OF YOUR LETTER CARRIERS WILL HELP DISPEL THE MYTH THAT POSTAL EMPLOYEES DON'T LIKE DOGS.] Postmaster [NAME] and [NAME] of the [LOCAL HEALTH OR ANIMAL PROTECTION AGENCY] will speak about the problem of dog bites to the Postal Service and the community as they travel a parade route through the [NAME] community.

Letter carriers who will lead the parade have recovered from animal attacks and will share their stories in order to help others avoid the pain they have gone through.

Media can also obtain tips on how to avoid dog bites and learn what dog owners can do to reduce aggressive pet behavior.

WHEN: Sunday, [DATE AND TIME, preferably no earlier than 10:00 A.M.].

WHERE: The parade will begin at [DESCRIBE PARADE ROUTE] and end at [PICNIC LOCATION].

BACKGROUND: The 3,070 letter carriers bitten by dogs in 2002 pales in comparison to the more than 2 million children who were needlessly victimized by dogs. The owners of many canines claimed their pet would never bite. This year, the U.S. Postal Service and its letter carriers work to prevent these painful, sometimes fatal, injuries by promoting community awareness and responsible pet ownership.

CONTACT: Postmaster [POSTMASTER NAME] at [PHONE].

# # #

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: [INSERT YOUR NAME]
[INSERT DATE] [INSERT YOUR PHONE NUMBER]
Internet: www.usps.com

PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS

May 18-24 is National Dog Bite Prevention Week

Below you will find three public service announcements (PSAs) for your consideration. Spring is here, more people and dogs will be on the street, and this is the perfect time to participate in an education campaign aimed at reducing these painful, costly attacks.

For decades the U.S. Postal Service has taken a leadership role in preventing animal attacks. Letter carriers are members of the third most likely group to be bitten by a dog. Children and the elderly rank number 1 and 2, respectively. More information is found on the Dog Bite Prevention Background sheet attached. [ATTACH DOG BITE PREVENTION BACKGROUND.]

Please join the Postal Service in this important public education campaign by using these public service announcements and by interviewing Postal Service, animal protection, and public health officials during National Dog Bite Prevention Week.

PSA 1

It's that time of year again, and the Postal Service, health care providers, and animal protection professionals need your help. Last year, nationwide, 3,070 letter carriers sustained OSHA-recordable dog bite injuries. But that pales in comparison to the more than 4.7 million people - most of them children and the elderly - who are bitten by dogs each year. You can help protect your letter carrier, meter reader, newspaper delivery person, or your neighbors' children by making sure your pet is properly restrained. Be a responsible pet owner. Help prevent the injuries and death caused by animal attacks. This message is a public service of this station and your local Post Office.

PSA 2

At this point in our nation's history, even the comedians know that "dog bites man" is no laughing matter. According to the Humane Society of the United States, 44 people died "between 1999 and 2002" after being bitten by a dog. Most of the victims - 24 of them - were children under the age of 12. That's why the nation's letter carriers, who suffered more than 3,000 dog bite injuries last year, are reminding pet owners to restrain their dogs to protect letter carriers, meter readers, children, and others who may come near their dogs. This message is a public service of this station and your local Post Office.

PSA 3

Pet owners, did you know that if your dog attacks a letter carrier, you could be held liable for all medical expenses and other costs, which can run into thousands of dollars?

Don't think your fence is the only protection you need - especially if a letter carrier or delivery person must enter your yard. The Postal Service is not anti-dog, but pro- responsibility. Responsible pet ownership includes making sure your pet is properly restrained. Last year, nationally, more than 3,000 letter carriers sustained OSHA- recordable dog bites while delivering the mail. Help your letter carrier deliver safely for you. This message is a public service of this station and your local Post Office.

Sample Postmaster Columns

Using these columns will help you spread the word about the Postal Service's efforts to protect letter carriers and children in the community. The message is that dog bites are a serious matter and, by helping protect letter carriers, the public is protecting everyone.

Retype these columns on your letterhead and take or send them to your local newspapers. It's a good idea to localize the articles with experiences from your own Post Office or community. Contact local newspaper editors to propose running the column weekly for 3 weeks. You should also post copies of these columns in your lobby and employee break room.

Although the material is designed specifically for use during the spring, you also can use it to build community awareness throughout the summer months.

# # #

POSTMASTER COLUMN NO. 1

"Children Suffer Most Dog Bites," by [NAME], Postmaster [CITY]

For every letter carrier bitten, hundreds of children needlessly suffer the pain and trauma of dog bites. Whatever the reasons for them, dog bites are a serious problem for the entire community, not just our letter carriers trying to deliver your mail. Nationwide, the U.S. Postal Service carriers suffered 3,070 dog bites last year. That's an average of 10 dog attacks every delivery day, and that figure does not include the number of threatening incidents that did not result in injury.

These numbers pale in comparison with the more than 4.7 million people - mostly children and the elderly - who suffer injuries from dog attacks each year.

In [CITY] last year dogs bit [NUMBER] letter carriers and there were a significant number of [OR YOU CAN ESTIMATE A NUMBER IF POSSIBLE] instances where dogs interfered with mail delivery. Fortunately, most dog bites can be prevented through responsible pet ownership.

[IF YOU DID HAVE DOG BITES LAST YEAR, USE THE PREVIOUS PARAGRAPH AND INSERT A PARAGRAPH OR TWO HERE GIVING A FEW DETAILS, SUCH AS THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE INCIDENTS AND THE AMOUNT OF LOST TIME.]

[IF YOU HAD NO DOG BITES OR NO CASES OF DOGS INTERFERING WITH MAIL DELIVERY LAST YEAR, OMIT THE PREVIOUS PARAGRAPH.]

If a letter carrier needs to deliver a certified letter or a package to you, put your dog into a separate room before opening your front door. Dogs have been known to burst through screen doors or plate-glass windows to get at strangers.

Just ask Dover, Delaware, Postmaster Jack Bailey. A letter carrier at his Post Office, who had survived eight attacks during his 20-year career, felt secure in his ability to avoid dog bites. He owns four dogs himself. But, in February 1993, that carrier would be scarred for life - both physically and emotionally.

While delivering to a mailbox at the entrance to a customer's , the carrier watched in horror as a 100-pound dog charged the front door. Instinctively, he braced his foot against the door as the dog backed up to charge again. This time, the animal crashed through the Plexiglas-plated door and tore into the flesh of his arm.

"It happened so quickly that he didn't have time to react," explains Bailey.

"The animal's bite so severely shredded his left arm that he has undergone several restorative surgeries and may never have full use of his arm," says Bailey. [FEEL FREE TO SUBSTITUTE THIS EXAMPLE WITH A LOCAL ONE IF IT IS APPROPRIATE.]

Nationally, the number of carriers bitten by dogs has declined over the years. This is because of greater cooperation from dog owners, stricter leash laws, and stepped-up efforts to educate letter carriers and the public about dealing with the problem.

Our letter carriers are vigilant and dedicated, but we may be forced to stop mail delivery at an address if a letter carrier is threatened by a vicious dog. In some instances, Postal Service employees have sued and collected damages for dog bite injuries. We can't control people's dogs; only dog owners can do that.

While some attribute attacks on letter carriers to dogs' inbred aversion to uniforms, experts say the psychology actually runs much deeper. Every day that a letter carrier comes into a dog's territory, the dog barks and the letter carrier leaves. Day after day the dog sees this action repeated. After a week or two, the dog appears to feel invincible against intruders. Once the dog gets loose, there's a good chance it will attack.

Dog owners should remind their children about the need to keep the family dog secured. We also recommend parents ask their children not to take mail directly from letter carriers. A dog may see handing mail to a child as a threatening gesture.

These simple reminders and helpful tips can reduce the hazard of dog bite attacks. Help us to help you this spring and summer.

This is the first in a series of three columns by [CITY] Postmaster [NAME] addressing the problem of dog attacks, both in the Postal Service and in the community. Next week: "Why Do Some Dogs Bite?

# # #

POSTMASTER COLUMN NO. 2

"Why Do Some Dogs Bite?" by [NAME], Postmaster [CITY]

Would your dog bite? The Humane Society of the United States estimates that more than 4.7 million dog bites are reported to local authorities each year. Countless more go unreported.

Dog bites can range from a relatively painless nip to a fatal mauling. Dog bite victims account for up to 5 percent of all hospital emergency room visits. Children are most often the victims. Of the 44 people who died from dog attacks between 1999 and 2002, 24 of them were children under the age of 12. Dog attacks are the most commonly reported childhood public health problem in the United States.

You may feel confident that your dog won't add to these statistics, and it is probably true that your trusty companion will never seriously harm anyone. However, if your dog does attack or bite someone, you could be liable for the victim's pain, suffering, and medical expenses. Potential victims include your letter and rural carrier and neighborhood children. There are several ways you can avoid liability. Reducing the likelihood your dog will ever bite someone helps protect you, your canine companion, and everyone else in the community.

Why Some Dogs Bite

Lack of socialization, improper training, excitement, and fear can all contribute to a dog attack. Even a nip on the leg is unacceptable behavior for a family dog.

Although dogs may bite for a variety of reasons, spaying or neutering has been shown to reduce aggressiveness. Bite statistics show that dogs that have not been spayed or neutered are up to three times more likely to be involved in a biting incident.

Three Suggestions to Help Take the Bite Out of Your Dog:

• Teach your dog appropriate behavior. Don't play aggressive games with your dog such as wrestling, tug of war, or siccing your dog on another person. It's essential that your dog recognize members of your family as dominant figures not to be challenged.

• Be a responsible pet owner. For everyone's safety, don't allow your dog to roam. Make your pet a member of your family. Dogs that spend too much time tethered to a dog house or in the back yard have a much greater chance of developing aggressive behavioral problems.

• Stay on the safe side. Help your dog become accustomed to a variety of situations. If you don't know how your dog will react to a new situation, be cautious. If you think your dog could panic in a crowd, leave him or her at . If your dog may overreact to visitors or delivery people, keep him or her in another room.

This is the second in a series of three columns by [CITY] Postmaster [NAME] addressing the problem of dog attacks, both in the Postal Service and in the community. Next week: "Protecting the Community."

# # #

POSTMASTER COLUMN NO. 3

"Protecting the Community," by [NAME], Postmaster [CITY]

Last year, dog bites resulted in 3,070 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recordable injuries to letter carriers nationwide. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that nearly 2 percent of the American population is bitten by a dog each year, and most of the victims are children.

Clearly, parents must never leave a defenseless infant with a dog and must make sure that older children know the potential danger of dog bites. It is also important to know that studies have shown that dogs are three times more likely to be involved in a biting incident if they have not been spayed or neutered.

The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) has found that the breed of animal most commonly involved in dog attacks can change from year to year and from one part of the country to another, depending on the popularity of the breed. According to the HSUS, while some breeds are more likely to bite, other factors like whether the animal has been spayed or neutered, and whether the animal has been properly socialized, safely confined, properly supervised, and humanely trained play great roles in a dog's tendency to bite. Dog owners can prevent serious injuries to others by realizing their important role in dog bite prevention.

This concludes a series of three columns by [CITY] Postmaster [NAME] addressing the problem of dog attacks, both in the Postal Service and in the community.

# # #

IV. Community Involvement

Most people think children and dogs go together naturally, and they often do. But, it may shock you to learn that children are the most common victims of dog bites. You can use the following talk and the enclosed handout to alert school children to two important points in preventing dog bites: responsible pet ownership and safe behavior around dogs.

Sponsoring a poster contest gets children involved in spreading the word about preventing dog bites. And the colorful posters that result are a great way to get the word out to the public.

Get postmasters and station managers to hang posters or display in lobby or local high traffic grocery stores. The postmaster is one of the key leaders in each community. Postmasters should use their influence to win support from other key leaders for our campaign to reduce dog attacks and dog bites. The suggestions in this section will get you started toward some cooperative campaigning for dog bite awareness.

POSTMASTER SPEECH

Dog Bite Prevention Speech for School Children

[MAKE THE PRESENTATION LIGHT AND FUN. Even though this is a serious subject, children will respond to your being friendly and approachable. Be sure to tell the children what a postmaster is/does.]

Good morning boys and girls.

My name is [NAME] and I'm your postmaster.

[Tell the children what a postmaster is/does.]

How many of you have dogs at or have friends who own a dog? [LISTEN TO RESPONSES.] Have you or any of your friends ever been bitten by a dog? [LISTEN TO RESPONSES.] Well, I'll bet you didn't like it, did you?

At the Post Office where I work, the people who deliver your mail get bitten, too. Sometimes they have to go to the hospital and can't do their job for a long time. The dog's owner may have to pay a big hospital bill. And the mail may not be delivered to that house until the owners promise to keep the dog fenced in.

I don't want anybody at work to be bitten, and I don't want any of you to get bitten, either. That's why I'm here today, because I need your help.

There are several things you can do to help out. The most important thing is to stop your dog from getting outside and running loose. When you go outside, make sure to close the door tight, and when you are playing with your dog in the yard, make sure you close the gate so he does not get out.

When you see the letter carrier coming down your street, look around and make sure your dog is either inside or securely fenced away from the mailbox.

When the letter carrier gets to your house, let him or her put the mail in your mailbox. Never reach out to take the mail yourself, because your dog might think the letter carrier is a threat to you even though we know that isn't true.

After the letter carrier has delivered the mail and gone, you still need to watch out for loose dogs. Never step too close to a strange dog. Even if he looks friendly, he might still bite.

I am going to give each of you a list of things you can do to help keep dogs from biting your letter carrier, your friends, and yourself. I want you to take this list and talk to your parents about it. See if they will help you keep your dog from getting outside.

If you do that, your letter carrier won't have to worry about going to the hospital for a dog bite, and we can ensure that everyone's mail is safely and quickly delivered.

POSTMASTER SPEECH CONTINUED

Dog Bite Prevention Tips for Kids - How You Can Help Prevent Dog Bites

To help make your neighborhood safe for the letter carrier, yourself, and other people just remember these simple rules:

• Find out what time the letter carrier usually brings your mail.

• When the letter carrier is due to visit your house, check to be sure your dog is inside. Keep the dog inside until the letter carrier is gone.

• If someone needs to open the door to sign for a letter, first put the dog in another room and close the door.

• If you have a mail slot, keep your dog away from the slot so the carrier's fingers don't get bitten.

• If your mailbox is inside your fenced yard, and your dog is too, keep the dog on a leash away from the mailbox during the time your letter carrier delivers the mail.

• When your dog is outside, never walk up to the letter carrier and ask for your mail. Your dog may think you are being threatened.

• If you see a dog running loose in your neighborhood, tell your parents.

• Never, ever approach a strange dog.

# # #

Poster Contest

If you plan to sponsor a poster contest for school children, you will need to furnish some slogans and a set of rules. It's also standard procedure to appoint judges and offer some kind of reward or prize for the winners.

Where young children are involved, it's a good idea to make everybody feel like a winner. In addition to the three main prizes (we recommend commemorative stamp sets), try to offer something for participation. Perhaps you could obtain a number of special pictorial cancellations of local interest.

Be sure to furnish the media with information about when the contest will start, what schools are participating, who will judge the contest, and where the entries will be displayed.

Suggested slogans:

• Good neighbors keep good control of their dogs.

• Good fences make good dogs better.

• Mail time is time to take your pooch inside.

• Letter carriers love dogs on a leash.

• A dog on the loose is bad news.

Have the posters judged on originality, clarity of the dog bite message, and quality of the artwork. A panel of judges might consist of an art teacher, a letter carrier, an animal control officer, and a member of the PTA. State that the decision of the judges will be final and list the prizes. If possible, have the grand prize-winning poster reproduced and sent to the schools. Try to display all the entries in the Post Office lobby or local grocery stores. Children and parents will be looking for them.

Suggested contest rules:

• The Dog Bite Awareness Poster Contest is open to students in grades 1 through 5 from now until [MONTH, DAY, YEAR].

• The theme is [CHOOSE THEME].

• Only one entry per student will be accepted.

• Students must design and complete posters without help.

• Entries must be [CHOOSE: e.g., 11" x 17", horizontal or vertical, black and white or color, in any two-dimensional medium (charcoal, water- color, marker, paint, etc.)].

• Posters will not be returned. By entering, a student agrees to give the Postal Service full ownership of the artwork and reproduction rights if it is selected the grand prize winner.

• Each entry must have an entry form attached to the back. Posters with incomplete forms will not be considered.

• Entries must be submitted by [DATE] to be considered for judging.

• Winners will be notified by mail.

Working With Community Leaders

• Seek ideas from other postmasters. When attending various management meetings, seminars, training sessions, or conventions, take time to discuss dog bite prevention and other safety programs with your peers. Many postmasters have come up with some innovative ideas and developed excellent dog bite awareness campaigns.

• Visit area schools to discuss dog bite prevention with students. Many local animal control officials and veterinarians will participate, particularly when they can stage a pet licensing and rabies vaccination effort at the same time.

• Holding a dog bite awareness poster contest for local elementary school students is another way to involve the schools. Arrange to display the entries at the Post Office for a day and invite parents and the media. Give a short talk or provide handout information on dog bite awareness.

• Locate a local dog obedience club and allow it to stage a 1-day free dog training session at your Post Office. (An excellent time is after the office closes on Saturday.) Publicize the event and invite the media. (Note: If employees are involved, be aware of FLSA requirements.)

• Locate a scout troop or similar youth organization and encourage it to make a project of creating public awareness of dog bite dangers. Help them publicize their efforts through the local media.

• Contact your local utility companies to participate in some of your events. They are attuned to public service, and they have their own dog bite problems.

V. Information for All Employees

This section offers tools that postmasters can use to help educate employees to do their jobs as safely as possible.

Give the following stand-up talk to your letter carriers. The talk focuses on the seriousness of dog bites, what carriers should do about a problem dog on their route, and what to do if a dog attacks. Also, let letter carriers know that you are supporting them by mailing out progressive warning letters to owners whose dogs are unrestrained. Sample warning letters are included in Part VI, For Postal Service Managers.

The true-or-false quiz "Are You an Unwary Visitor?" on page 25 can educate letter carriers on proper behavior around dogs and is an interesting way to share important information. A letter carrier who knows the answers to the quiz is less likely to be a dog bite victim. Post the quiz, print it in a newsletter, or distribute it as a handout to your letter carriers and supervisors.

The Postal Service also offers a dog repellent spray for letter carriers. Publication 174, How to Avoid Dog Bites: Dogs and Dog Repellant, describes the spray and its use. Information from that publication is included in this section. Post the information, publish it in a newsletter, or reproduce it as a handout for supervisors and carriers. Tell carriers how to obtain repellent.

Use "Basic Dog Bite Prevention Rules for Letter Carriers" on page 33 as a reinforcing stand-up talk or a posting.

POSTMASTER STAND-UP TALK

Safety Talk for Letter Carriers and Rural Carriers

It won't be long until school lets out for the summer and children begin to spend their days outside playing.

We all know that means taking extra care to watch out for children playing around our vehicles, but it also is the time of year to be on the lookout for loose dogs. Many of these pets have been in the house or confined to the backyard all winter and manage to get out when children leave a door or gate open.

Last year, approximately 4.7 million people suffered dog bites in the United States, including 3,070 reported by letter carriers. That means an average of 10 letter carriers is injured in a dog bite each delivery day.

[SHARE SOME EXAMPLES OF INJURED LETTER CARRIERS THAT ARE FOUND IN THIS GUIDE OR EXAMPLES FROM YOUR OWN POST OFFICE.]

Loose dogs are a serious problem for everyone. As letter carriers, you are not only doing yourself a favor, you are helping everyone in the community by getting these animals off the street. Letter carriers are the third most frequent victims of dog attacks, but children and the elderly rank first and second.

One tool we have in controlling the dog problem is a policy of withholding delivery where dogs are a threat. Report all incidents to the postmaster or the carrier supervisor, who will decide what action needs to be taken. If a phone call to the customer doesn't take care of the situation, we have a series of progressive warning letters that could ultimately lead to the suspension of mail service to the customer's .

Besides making us all aware of potential dog bite problems that need to be addressed, there are several things you can do to avoid dog bite situations:

• Watch out for dogs along your route and be aware of places a dog can hide.

• Never hand mail to a child or adult while in view of a dog.

• Place one foot at the base of doors that open outward to prevent a dog from rushing out.

• Learn to recognize the warning signs that a dog is about to attack: tail high and stiff, ears up, hair on back standing up, and teeth showing.

• Report all incidents regarding dogs to supervisors.

• Dogs are very territorial animals who react aggressively when someone invades their territory or "danger zone." When you find yourself in a dog's danger zone, you should stop immediately and remain still, allowing the dog's anger to subside.

• If confronted, face the dog without making direct eye contact and back away slowly. Be submissive, but don't run. If you run, the dog is going to try to knock you to the ground and you could be seriously hurt.

• Put something between you and the dog, such as a package or pouch. Don't try to make friends with the dog, pet it, or put your hands or face near it. And if the dog does bite, try not to pull away because that may cause further injury. Instead, try to make the dog release its hold.

• Quickly obtain medical attention and report all injuries.

We all watch the news and know that the potential for serious injury cannot be ignored. Be vigilant about the threat of animal attacks for your safety, for your family, and for the children and elderly in our community.

# # #

True-or-False Quiz: Are You an Unwary Visitor?

Questions

Are you an unwary visitor to what a dog considers its territory? If so, you might be bitten. Take this quiz on handling some typical situations encountered by delivery people. It may help you prevent an injury. Answer "true" or "false."

1. If a dog is sleeping in the side yard, you should quietly slip up to the front door and make your delivery so you don't disturb the dog.

2. Turning away and retreating quickly from a dog will probably prevent your being bitten.

3. Carrying dog biscuits with you will help you make friends with all the dogs on your route.

4. Many bites occur because the dog is protective of its territory.

5. To ensure that you have your repellent, it's a good idea to secure it to a mail cart or your vehicle dashboard.

6. Dogs attack only if you threaten or challenge them.

7. Dogs always make their intentions known by growling or barking before they attack.

8. A storm or screen door will keep the dog inside from attacking you at the door.

9. One way to protect yourself is to spray repellent on all the large dogs on your route at least once so they are afraid to challenge you.

10. Talking softly to a dog while petting it will reassure the dog that you mean no harm and will reduce your chances of being bitten.

Answers

1. FALSE. Dogs have keen senses; under these conditions, you would probably startle the dog and increase the possibility of an attack. The right procedure? Make a soft noise, such as a low whistle, so the dog won't be surprised. Keep your eye on the dog, and if you must withdraw, back up slowly and carefully to avoid a fall.

2. FALSE. Turning and running often increases the dog's excitement and provides an opportunity for it to bite while your back is turned. The proper procedure? Stand your ground initially, face the dog, use your satchel as a shield, keep your repellent handy, and back away slowly and carefully to avoid a fall.

3. FALSE. Too often the dog will readily accept the treat but still not accept you. What is a proper procedure? Reassure the dog by talking in a friendly manner and using its name if you know it. But do this from a safe distance.

4. TRUE. Dogs instinctively recognize their owners' premises as territorial boundaries. Before entering a customer's property, quickly assess places a dog may be hiding and be alert.

5. FALSE. Most attacks occur away from carts and vehicles. The correct procedure is to keep your spray with you and carry it in a location that allows you to use it quickly if you are attacked.

6. FALSE. Dogs attack under various circumstances. Properly protect yourself by being aware of the presence of even the friendliest dogs.

7. FALSE. Many bites occur without warning. The best way to protect yourself is to stay alert and, if confronted, follow the withdrawal procedures described above.

8. FALSE. Dogs have been known to break through screen and storm doors, and to escape when the owner opens the door to get the mail. On outward opening doors, you might wish to place your foot against the bottom of the door. If the dog is in the room, ask the owner to relocate the dog before opening the door. In any case, be wary of these situations.

9. FALSE. Repellent should be used only to thwart an attack. Spraying animals unnecessarily will serve to enrage them (and their owners), and it is a violation of Postal Service regulations.

10. FALSE. Although well-intended, this approach continues to be a source of dog bites. The most effective safety procedure? Don't pet dogs on your route, even if you know them well.

Using Dog Repellent

Dog repellent is to be used on any dog that attacks, but it does not replace the policy of nondelivery of mail where there is a dog menace. Collection and delivery employees should promptly report to their supervisor the name and address of the customer where such a menace exists. The supervisor must immediately telephone the customer and request that the animal be confined during the usual delivery hours in the neighborhood. The postmaster will inform the customer that no deliveries will be made until this is done. Employees are not to use the repellent where there is a danger of spraying people. Indiscriminate use of the repellent will not be tolerated - employees who do so are subject to appropriate corrective action.

What is the repellent?

The repellent consists of 0.35 percent oleoresin capsaicin (extract of cayenne pepper) and 99.65 percent mineral oil propelled by an inert gas contained in an aerosol spray can.

Has it been adequately tested?

Extensive laboratory and field tests have been made on the repellent. Veterinarians have thoroughly examined it and have stated that not only is it safe and effective but it is a very humane method of controlling animals. The Postal Service field test showed a high degree of effectiveness in controlling attacking animals; however, its effectiveness against trained attack dogs has not been established.

Has it been accepted as safe?

The repellent has been accepted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Pesticides Regulation Branch and has been registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been registered in all states requiring such registration. Registration identifies the product as effective and safe. (See the attached Material Safety Data Sheet.)

Are various humane groups aware that the Postal Service might use repellent?

Yes. The American Kennel Club, the American Humane Association, the Popular Dogs Publishing Company, and the Humane Society of the United States were advised and indicated no objection to our using the product under conditions indicated.

How is the repellent used?

It is sprayed directly at the eyes, nose, and mouth of the attacking dog. Direct application must be made. The effective range is up to 10 feet. The repellent leaves a yellow stain on the dog's hair, which is removable by washing. This stain helps to identify an animal if a check for rabies is necessary.

How does the dog react?

The dog will put his tail between his legs and retreat. Within 10 to 15 minutes, the repellent will wear off and the dog returns to normal.

How does it affect humans?

It produces marked discomfort to the eyes lasting for about 10 minutes, but no damage or harmful effects. It has a faint odor and is mustard yellow. If repellent is inadvertently sprayed into a person's eye, apply copious amounts of water. If it is sprayed on clothing, use commercial spot removers or have the clothing dry-cleaned.

Does repellent lose effectiveness with age?

The repellent is effective indefinitely. In isolated cases, after long periods of non-use, dirt may clog the nozzle orifice, reducing the effective range of the repellent. To avoid this type of failure, insert the tip of a pin into the nozzle opening, turn container upside down, and press the nozzle until white mist is discharged.

What if the container leaks after use?

Some residue will remain in the nozzle after use. You can expel this by turning the container upside down and briefly pressing the nozzle until a white mist is discharged.

How should used repellent containers be discarded?

The inert propellant gas left inside will expand to the point of exploding if the container is compressed or thrown into a trash fire or incinerator. Return containers to the Post Office for recycling.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - Halt Dog Repellent

ARI - HALT DOG REPELLENT

=======================================================

MSDS Safety Information

=======================================================

FSC: 6840

NIIN: 01-357-0744

MSDS Date: 01/01/2000

MSDS Num: CKJWB

Product ID: HALT DOG REPELLENT

MFN: 03

Responsible Party

Cage: 1L113

Name: ARI

Box: 510

City: ORCHARD HILL GA 30266

Info Phone Number: 770-227-8222 FAX: 770-227-9190

Emergency Phone Number: 800-241-5064

=======================================================

Item Description Information

=======================================================

Item Manager: S9G

Item Name: DOG REPELLENT

Specification Number: NONE

Type/Grade/Class: NONE

Unit of Issue: BX

Quantitative Expression: 00000000012EA

UI Container Qty: 1

Type of Container: CAN

=======================================================

Ingredients

=======================================================

Cas: 404-86-4

RTECS #: RA8530000

Name: CAPSAICIN

Percent by Wt: .35

=======================================================

Health Hazards Data

=======================================================

Route of Entry Inds - Inhalation: YES

Skin: NO

Ingestion: NO

Effects of Exposure: INHALATION: BURNING SENSATION, IRRITATION. COULD CAUSE

SUPERFICIAL KERATITIS & CONJUNCTIVITIS, SEVERE LUNG IRRITATION. SKIN CONTACT: NOT READILY ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. EYE CONTACT: BURNING SENSATION. IRRITATION. INGESTION: BURNING SENSATION. IRRITATION, SEVERE STOMACH IRRITATION.

Signs and Symptoms of Overexposure: SEVERE IRRITATION, BURNING SENSATION.

First Aid: EYE: FLUSH WITH WATER. SKIN: WASH AREAS WITH SOAP AND WATER.

INHALATION: REMOVE TO FRESH AIR.

=======================================================

Handling and Disposal

=======================================================

Spill Release Procedures: ABSORB ONTO ABSORBENT MATERIAL.

Waste Disposal Methods: NOT REQUIRED.

Handling And Storage Precautions: PACKAGED UNDER PRESSURE. DO NOT PUNCTURE,

INCINERATE OR STORE AT TEMPERATURES OVER 120F.

=======================================================

Fire and Explosion Hazard Information

=======================================================

Flash Point Method: CC

Flash Point: =173.9C, 345.F

Extinguishing Media: USE CARBON DIOXIDE, FOAM, OR DRY CHEMICAL. COOL CONTAINER WITH WATER SPRAY.

Fire Fighting Procedures: COOL CONTAINER WITH WATER SPRAY.

Unusual Fire/Explosion Hazard: PRODUCT PACKAGED IN AEROSOL FORM-WILL EXPLODE

UNDER EXTREME HEAT.

=======================================================

Control Measures

=======================================================

Respiratory Protection: NONE REQUIRED.

Protective Gloves: NONE REQUIRED.

Eye Protection: NONE REQUIRED.

Other Protective Equipment: NONE REQUIRED.

Work Hygienic Practices: NONE REQUIRED.

Supplemental Safety and Health: FORMULA CHANGED. FOR PREVIOUS FORMULATION, SEE MFN 1, SAME NSN. FLASH POINT OF LIQUID: 345F. EPA REGISTRATION NUMBER: 7754-37.

=======================================================

Physical/Chemical Properties

=======================================================

HCC: V2

Boiling Point: =212.C, 413.6F

Spec Gravity: 0.97

PH: 6

Solubility in Water: INSOLUBLE

Appearance and Odor: RED-ORANGE OILY LIQUID WITH PUNGENT AROMA.

Percent Volatiles by Volume: 0

=======================================================

Reactivity Data

=======================================================

Stability Indicator: YES

Materials to Avoid: NONE

Hazardous Decomposition Products: PUNGENT FUMES MAYBE EMITTED WHEN HEATED ABOUT 175F.

Hazardous Polymerization Indicator: NO

Conditions to Avoid Polymerization: NONE

=======================================================

Toxicological Information

=======================================================

=======================================================

Ecological Information

=======================================================

=======================================================

MSDS Transport Information

=======================================================

Transport Information: HALT-AEROSOL

=======================================================

Regulatory Information

=======================================================

=======================================================

Other Information

=======================================================

=======================================================

Transportation Information

=======================================================

Responsible Party Cage: 1L113

Trans ID NO: 152665

Product ID: HALT DOG REPELLENT

MSDS Prepared Date: 01/01/2000

Review Date: 04/28/2000

MFN: 3

Tech Entry NOS Shipping Nm: CAPSAICIN

Net Unit Weight: 0.72 LB

Multiple KIT Number: 0

Unit of Issue: BX

Container QTY: 1

Type of Container: CAN

=======================================================

Detail DOT Information

=======================================================

DOT PSN Code: AGD

DOT Proper Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, NON-FLAMMABLE,

DOT PSN Modifier: (EACH NOT EXCEEDING 1 L CAPACITY)

Hazard Class: 2.2

UN ID Num: UN1950

Label: NONFLAMMABLE GAS

Non Bulk Pack: NONE

Bulk Pack: NONE

Max Qty Pass: 75 KG

Max Qty Cargo: 150 KG

Vessel Stow Req: A

Water/Ship/Other Req: 48,85

=======================================================

Detail IMO Information

=======================================================

IMO PSN Code: AKD

IMO Proper Shipping Name: AEROSOLS

IMDG Page Number: 2102

UN Number: 1950

UN Hazard Class: 2(T)

IMO Packaging Group: -

Subsidiary Risk Label: T

EMS Number: 2-13

MED First Aid Guide NUM: 620

=======================================================

Detail IATA Information

=======================================================

IATA PSN Code: ANB

IATA UN ID Num: 1950

IATA Proper Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, NON-FLAMMABLE

IATA PSN Modifier: (EACH NOT EXCEEDING 1 L CAPACITY)

IATA UN Class: 2.2

IATA Label: NON-FLAMMABLE GAS

Packing Note Passenger: 203

Max Quant Pass: 75 KG

Max Quant Cargo: 150KG

Packaging Note Cargo: 203

=======================================================

Detail AFI Information

=======================================================

AFI PSN Code: ANB

AFI Proper Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, NON-FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.

AFI PSN Modifier: EACH NOT EXCEEDING 1L CAPACITY

AFI Hazard Class: 2.2

AFI UN ID NUM: UN1950

Special Provisions: P4

Back Pack Reference: A6.3

=======================================================

HAZCOM Label

=======================================================

Product ID: LABEL COVERED UNDER EPA REGS - HAZCOM LABEL NOT AUTHORIZED

=======================================================

Disclaimer (provided with this information by the compiling agencies): This information is formulated for use by elements of the Department of Defense. The United States of America in no manner whatsoever expressly or implied warrants, states, or intends said information to have any application, use or viability by or to any person or persons outside the Department of Defense nor any person or persons contracting with any instrumentality of the United States of America and disclaims all liability for such use. Any person utilizing this instruction who is not a military or civilian employee of the United States of America should seek competent professional advice to verify and assume responsibility for the suitability of this information to their particular situation regardless of similarity to a corresponding Department of Defense or other government situation.

LHB Industries Material Safety Data Sheet

MSDS Part No. 00J2-A-800
Back Off Dog Repellent

Section 1 Chemical Product And Company Identification
Manufacturer: LHB Industries (Lighthouse for the Blind)
Emergency Telephone Number 800-424-9300 (Chemtrec)
8833 Fleischer Place Information Telephone Number 314-423-4333
Berkeley, MO 63134

Date of Preparation January 22, 2003
Product ID: USPS-D-734B, Back Off Dog Repellent
LHB Part Number: 00J4---000
National Stock Number: N/A
CAGE Code: OFTT5
Contract Number: 26351-97-B-0337

Section 2 Composition and Information on Ingredients
CAS No. 8042-47-5
Ingredient & Wt %: Mineral Oil: > 95%, Capsicum: 0.35%
ACGIH TLV: Mineral Oil: 5 mg/m3, Capsicum: ND
OSHA PEL: Mineral Oil: 5 mg/m3, Capsicum: ND
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg 20°C)

Section 3 Hazards Identification
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE: Exposure may be by INHALATION and/or SKIN or EYE contact, depending on conditions of use. To minimize exposure, follow recommendations for proper use, ventilation, and personal protective equipment.
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Topical irritation. Can cause severe irritation, redness, tearing, blurred vision, and superficial keratitis and conjunctivitis to the eyes. Severe irritation to lungs and stomach are possible.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE: Preexisting respiratory, skin, and eye disorders.

Section 4 First Aid Measures
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air and seek medical attention immediately.
SKIN CONTACT: Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Call a physician if irritation persists. Wash clothing and shoes before reuse.
EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of cool water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
INGESTION: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Slowly dilute with 1-2 glasses of water or milk and seek medical attention. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

Section 5 Fire Fighting Measures
FLASH POINT Nonflammable (CSMA) LEL ND UEL ND
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Carbon dioxide, dry chemicals, and foam
SPECIAL EXPOSURE HAZARDS: Do not expose to temperatures over 120°F. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Containers may explode when exposed to extreme heat.
SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Water may be used to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fire fighters should wear full protective clothing, including self-contained breathing equipment.
NFPA RATING: HEALTH 1, FLAMMABILITY 1, REACTIVITY 0
HMIS CLASSIFICATION: HEALTH 1, FLAMMABILITY 1, REACTIVITY 0

Section 6 Accidental Release Measures
PERSONAL PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES: Avoid inhalation. Use good ventilation. Read entire label before using and follow all label directions.
ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONARY PROCEDURE FOR CLEANING/ABSORPTION: Wipe, scrape, or soak up contents in an inert material. Pick up spill for recovery or disposal and place in a closed container. Dispose of in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Wash area with a strong biodegradable soap solution.

Section 7 Handling and Storage
HANDLING: Keep out of reach of children. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Contents are under pressure. Do not puncture, incinerate, or expose to temperatures above 120°F. Heat from sunlight, radiators, stoves, hot water, and other heat sources could cause container to burst. Do not take internally.
STORAGE: CATEGORY - NFPA 30B Level 1 Aerosol
Do not store where temperatures may exceed 120°F (48.9°C).

Section 8 Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Local exhaust preferable. General exhaust acceptable if the exposure to materials in section 2 is maintained below applicable exposure limits.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: If personal exposure cannot be controlled to below applicable limits by ventilation, wear a properly fitted organic vapor/particulate respirator approved by NIOSH/MSHA for protection against materials in section 2.
GLOVES: Wear solvent-resistant rubber.
SKIN PROTECTION: Not normally necessary. Wash promptly when skin becomes contaminated.
EYES: Safety glasses with side shields or chemical goggles.
OTHER PERSONAL PROTECTION DATA: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Wash hands after using.

Section 9 Physical and Chemical Properties
PHYSICAL STATE: Liquid
COLOR: Clear and reddish brown
ODOR: Pungent
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.830
DENSITY: 6.92 lbs/gal
PH: N/A
VAPOR DENSITY (AIR=1) >1
EVAPORATION RATE: Nonvolatile
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: I nsoluble

Section 10 Stability and Reactivity
CHEMICAL STABILITY: Stable
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: Will not occur
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Do not expose to heat or store at temperatures above 120°F
MATERIAL TO AVOID: Strong oxidizing agents.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS:
Pungent fumes if exposed to extreme heat.

Section 11 Toxicological Information
TOXICOLOGY DATA (listed if available)

Section 12 Ecological Information
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION: No data available.

Section 13 Disposal Considerations
DISPOSAL OF WASTE METHOD: Do not incinerate. Depressurize container. Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations regarding pollution.

Section 14 Transport Information
U.S. DOT 49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Material Table
DOT STATUS: Not regulated
DOT SHIPPING NAME: Consumer commodity
UN/NA NUMBER: UN1950
HAZARD CLASS: ORM-D
DOT PACKING GROUP: Not determined
IATA: List of Dangerous Goods
PROPER SHIPPING NAME: Aerosols, nonflammable
HAZARD CLASS OR DIVISION: 2.2
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER: UN1950

Section 15 Regulatory Information
U.S. REGULATORY RULES
SARA SECTION 302 None
SARA 313 CHEMICALS None
CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65 None
RCRA STATUS This material is not classified as a hazardous waste.
TSCA CERTIFICATION All chemicals in this product are listed, or are exempt from listing on the TSCA inventory.
VOC CONTENT 0.0% by wt.
HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS (Clean Air Act, section 112(b))
HAPS (lbs/gal) 0.0 lbs/gal

Section 16 Other Information
REVISION NUMBER: 03
REASON FOR REVISION: Format change and general update.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: This MSDS has been prepared in accordance with FED-STD-313D and meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1200.
IMPORTANT NOTE: This information is furnished without warranty, expressed or implied, as to accuracy or completeness. The information is obtained from various sources including the manufacturer and other third-party sources. The information may not be valid under all conditions nor if this material is used in combination with other materials or any process. Final determination of suitability of any material is the sole responsibility of the user.

Basic Dog Bite Prevention Rules for Letter Carriers and Rural Carriers

Dogs are self-elected and sometimes highly trained protectors of their masters and their property. To them, you are an intruder. You must prepare yourself for a new challenge each day from every dog you meet as you go about your daily work.

• Observe the area. Take a quick glance at all the places a dog might be located, such as under parked cars, under hedges, on the porch, etc.

• Size up the situation. Is the dog large or small? Is it asleep, barking, growling, nonchalant, etc.?

• Don't show fear. A dog is more apt to bite you if it knows you are afraid.

• Don't startle a dog. If it is asleep, make some kind of nonstartling noise, such as soft whistling. Do this before you are close to the dog, while you still have time and space for an "out."

• Never assume a dog won't bite. You may encounter a certain dog for days or weeks without incident; then one day, it might decide to bite you.

• Keep your eyes on the dog. A dog is basically a coward and a sneak and is more apt to bite you when you aren't looking.

• Stand your ground. If a dog comes toward you, turn and face it. If you have a satchel, hold it in front of you and back away slowly, making sure you don't stumble and fall.

• Never turn and run.

For more information, see the attached Job Safety Analysis.

Job Safety Analysis (Generic)

Title: Confronting a Dog
*Note: This document verifies the hazard assessment as required by 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(2).
It can be modified to meet local needs and requirement.

VI. For Postal Service Managers

Progressive Warning Letters and Thank-You Letter

This section offers materials for you to use to help your letter carriers do their jobs more safely. You can use the progressive warning letters in this section to alert dog owners to the possible loss of mail delivery if they do not restrain their pets. And don't forget to send a letter of thanks when they do!

Warning letters, like collection letters, need to be handled tactfully. The first and second sample letters below tells customers what we want them to do. The third tells them we have taken corrective steps. The fourth and fifth details the customers' options. In using these letters, keep in mind that our purpose is not to police the neighborhood but to obtain a safe environment in which carriers can do their work. Though most customers will respond to your first polite request, be meticulous in following up if they don't. Otherwise your efforts will not be taken seriously.

SAMPLE WARNING LETTER NO. 1

[INSERT DATE]

[INSERT NAME]

[INSERT TITLE]

[INSERT STREET ADDRESS]

[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

Dear Postal Service Customer:

Your letter carrier takes pride in delivering your mail promptly and efficiently. That means being able to approach your mailbox without interference from your pet.

Although your dog may not be known to bite or otherwise be dangerous to people, your carrier has expressed concern about its behavior. I believe you will agree that this concern is understandable since each year thousands of letter carriers are bitten or physically harmed by dogs.

This letter is to inform you that we are concerned your dog may have a propensity to attack and to bite or otherwise injure your letter carrier.

To provide you uninterrupted mail delivery while protecting our letter carriers, the Postal Service is requesting your assistance. Please confine your dog, either in the house or tethered or fenced outdoors, away from the route your carrier uses to deliver your mail.

We appreciate your cooperation.

Sincerely,

[SIGN]

[INSERT POSTMASTER'S NAME]
Postmaster
U.S. Postal Service
[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

SAMPLE WARNING LETTER NO. 2

[INSERT DATE]

[INSERT NAME]

[INSERT TITLE]

[INSERT STREET ADDRESS]

[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

Dear Postal Service Customer:

We understand that you have installed an electronic fence on your property. We are writing to request that you keep your dog restrained or inside when the mail is delivered. Although the electronic fence may keep your dog from wandering, it does not protect your letter carrier, who must enter the property to deliver the mail.

Letter carriers may assume, when they see no physical fence around a property, that the property is animal-free. This can be a dangerous mistake.

Every year thousands of letter carriers are attacked and injured, many seriously, by dogs. Even the kindest of family pets can bite to protect its territory.

So we request that you keep your animal restrained or inside during times when your letter carrier will be delivering the mail. Please help us deliver your mail consistently and safely. Thank you for your help.

Sincerely,

[SIGN]

[INSERT POSTMASTER'S NAME]
Postmaster
U.S. Postal Service
[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

SAMPLE WARNING LETTER NO. 3

[INSERT DATE]

[INSERT NAME]

[INSERT TITLE]

[INSERT STREET ADDRESS]

[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

Dear Postal Service Customer:

We were unable to deliver your mail recently because your unrestrained dog threatened our letter carrier.

We previously notified you of our concern that your dog might have a propensity to attack and to bite or otherwise injure your letter carrier. That concern was based on prior observations.

We are sorry for any inconvenience the interruption of your mail delivery might have caused. However, I think you can understand that we must protect our employees from potential injury.

If your carrier is threatened by your unrestrained dog again, we must take further action. That action will require you to either arrange to obtain your mail at a Post Office box or install a mail receptacle at the curb in front of your residence for delivery.

To restore delivery at this time, please pick up your mail at our Post Office, which is located at [ADDRESS]. You will be asked to sign a statement assuring us that you will keep your dog restrained during normal delivery hours.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Sincerely,

[SIGN]

[INSERT POSTMASTER'S NAME]
Postmaster
U.S. Postal Service
[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

SAMPLE WARNING LETTER NO. 4

[INSERT DATE]

[INSERT NAME]

[INSERT TITLE]

[INSERT STREET ADDRESS]

[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

Dear Postal Service Customer:

We previously notified you that your dog is considered to be a danger to your letter carrier. Yet, on [DATE], our letter carrier was again threatened by your dog. As a result of this incident, I must ask you to choose within the next [NUMBER] days one of the following options for receiving your mail:

• Rent a Post Office box to receive your mail.

• Install a curbside receptacle at your residence.

Until you have informed us of your decision, your mail will be held at [POST OFFICE AND ADDRESS]. It will be available for pickup during normal business hours, which are [INSERT YOUR OFFICE'S MONDAY-FRIDAY AND SATURDAY HOURS]. If you have not picked up your mail within [NUMBER OF DAYS], we will return it to the senders.

If you have any questions concerning this policy, please call [NAME] at [PHONE NUMBER].

Sincerely,

[SIGN]

[INSERT POSTMASTER'S NAME]
Postmaster
U.S. Postal Service
[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

SAMPLE THANK-YOU LETTER FOR CUSTOMER COMPLIANCE

[INSERT DATE]

[INSERT NAME]

[INSERT TITLE]

[INSERT STREET ADDRESS]

[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

Dear Postal Service Customer:

Thank you for keeping your dog safely away from the letter carrier's path. Because dog owners like you accept responsibility for their pets, letter carriers and other service people are better able to work in your neighborhood.

On behalf of both your regular letter carrier, [NAME], and the substitute carriers who deliver your mail in [HIS/HER] absence I appreciate your cooperation.

Sincerely,

[SIGN]

[INSERT POSTMASTER'S NAME]
Postmaster
U.S. Postal Service
[INSERT CITY, STATE, ZIP+4]

VII. Additional Resources

Now that you have read through this publicity kit and made some decisions about what would work best in your area, it is time for action.

In addition to this kit, a number of resources are available to assist you in your effort to educate employees, your customers, and the entire community about the importance of dog bite prevention. If you have media or public relations questions, area Public Affairs and Communications managers can put you in touch with your local communications person. And, while the Humane Society of America is not an official partner during this year's National Dog Bite Prevention Week campaign, it is always willing to help organizations that are promoting safety around animals. Their dog bite prevention web site, www.nodogbites.org, is an excellent resource for employees and your community.

Although dog bites are declining, we must keep in mind that last year we averaged 10 dog bites per delivery day. When you factor in dog attacks where there was no bite, we averaged 12 dog bites and attacks per delivery day. Dog bites are no laughing matter! Watch out - and remember looks can be deceiving. We must take action now to reduce these costly and painful injuries.

Area Public Affairs and Communications Managers

EARL C ARTIS JR
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
SOUTHEAST AREA
225 NORTH HUMPHREY BLVD
MEMPHIS TN 38166-0832

Telephone: 901-747-7544

CESTA AYERS JR
ACTING MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
SOUTHWEST AREA
7800 N STEMMONS FREEWAY STE 450
DALLAS TX 75247-4220

Telephone: 214-819-8717

SCOTT BUDNY
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
WESTERN AREA
1745 STOUT ST STE 400
DENVER CO 80299-7500

Telephone: 303-313-5125

DAN DE MIGLIO
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
PACIFIC AREA
390 MAIN STREET STE 200
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94105-8000

Telephone: 415-536-6490

DEBRA HAWKINS
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
NORTHEAST AREA
6 GRIFFIN RD N
WINDSOR CT 06006-9876

Telephone: 860-285-7265

DAVID MAZER
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
PACIFIC AREA
7001 S CENTRAL AVE RM 364A
LOS ANGELES CA 90052-9641

Telephone: 323-586-1210

JIM MRUK
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
GREAT LAKES AREA
244 KNOLLWOOD DRIVE 4TH FL
BLOOMINGDALE IL 60117-2208

Telephone: 630-539-6565

ROBERT NOVAK
CAPITOL METRO OPERATIONS
BALTIMORE AND RICHMOND DISTRICTS
10320 LITTLE PATUXTENT PARKWAY STE 308
COLUMBIA MD 21044-5210

Telephone: 410-715-0073

PAUL F SMITH
ACTING MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
EASTERN AREA
615 CHESTNUT ST 15TH FL
PO BOX 40593
PHILADELPHIA PA 19106-4404

Telephone: 215-931-5054

DIANE TODD
MANAGER
PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
NY METRO AREA
421 EIGHTH AVE RM 5114
NEW YORK NY 10199-9681

Telephone: 212-330-3167

DEBORAH YACKLEY
CAPITOL METRO OPERATIONS
CAPITOL AND NORTHERN VA DISTRICTS

Telephone: 301-548-1465

Humane Society of the United States Regional Offices

The following is a list of regional HSUS contacts. These individuals can help you obtain local Humane Society support and find animal behavior experts for local events.

CENTRAL STATES REGIONAL OFFICE
PHIL SNYDER
DIRECTOR
800 W FIFTH AVE STE 110
NAPERVILLE IL 60563-8965

Serves: TN, KY, NC, IL, WI
Telephone: 630-357-7015
Fax: 630-357-5725
E-mail: csro@hsus.org

GREAT LAKES REGIONAL OFFICE
SANDY ROWLAND
DIRECTOR
745 HASKINS ST
BOWLING GREEN OH 43402-1696

Serves: OH, IN, MI, WV
Telephone: 419-352-5141
Fax: 419-354-5351
E-mail: glro@hsus.org

MID-ATLANTIC REGIONAL OFFICE
NINA AUSTENBERG
DIRECTOR
BARTLEY SQUARE
270 US HIGHWAY 206
FLANDERS NJ 07836-9097

Serves: DE, NJ, NY, PA
Telephone: 973-927-5611
Fax: 973-927-5617
E-mail: maro@hsus.org

MIDWEST REGIONAL OFFICE
DIANE WEBBER
DIRECTOR
1515 LINDEN ST STE 220
DES MOINES IA 50309

Serves: MO, NE, KS, MN, IA
Telephone: 515-283-1393
Fax: 515-283-1407
E-mail: mwro@hsus.org

NEW ENGLAND REGIONAL OFFICE
JOANNE BOURBEAU
DIRECTOR
PO BOX 619
JACKSONVILLE VT 05342-0619

Serves: CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT
Telephone: 802-368-2790
Fax: 802-368-2756
E-mail: nero@hsus.org

NORTHERN ROCKIES REGIONAL OFFICE
DAVE PAULI
DIRECTOR
490 N 31ST ST STE 215
BILLINGS MT 59101-1256

Serves: MT, WY, ID, SD, ND
Telephone: 406-255-7161
Fax: 406-255-7162
E-mail: nrro@hsus.org

PACIFIC NORTHWEST REGIONAL OFFICE
LISA WATHNE
DIRECTOR
5200 UNIVERSITY WAY NE STE 201
SEATTLE WA 98105-3597

Serves: OR, WA
Telephone: 206-526-0949
Fax: 206-526-0989
E-mail: Pnro@hsus.org

SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE
LAURA BEVAN
DIRECTOR
1624 METROPOLITAN CIR STE B
TALLAHASSEE FL 32308-3789

Serves: FL, AL, GA, SC, MS
Telephone: 850-386-3435
Fax: 850-386-4534
E-mail: sero@hsus.org

SOUTHWEST REGIONAL OFFICE
LOU GUYTON
DIRECTOR
3001 LBJ FREEWAY STE 224
DALLAS TX 75234-2715

Serves: AZ, UT, CO, NM, AR, LA, OK, TX
Telephone: 972-488-2964
Fax: 972-488-2965
E-mail: swro@hsus.org

WEST COAST REGIONAL OFFICE
ERIC SAKACH
DIRECTOR
PO BOX 417220
SACRAMENTO CA 95841-7220

Serves: CA, NV, HI
Telephone: 916-344-1710
Fax: 916-344-1808
E-mail: wcro@hsus.org

For states not listed above, contact:

STEPHANIE SHAIN
ISSUES SPECIALIST
HSUS
2100 L STREET NW
WASHINGTON DC 20037-1598

Telephone: 301-258-3121
Fax: 301-258-3081
E-mail: sshain@hsus.org

Please contact Government Relations representatives to assist you in getting members of the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives to participate in your event. Your local event coordinator will be responsible for inviting local state legislative representatives and other local elected official.

State/Manager/Representative Listing

More Resources

PS Form 1778, Dog Warning Card
NSN: 7530-01-000-9428
PSIN: PS1778

Publication 129, Safety Talks
NSN: 7610-02-000-7088
PSIN: PUB129

Safety film, Dogs, They Come in All Sizes
Contact your Postal Employee Development Center (PEDC) for availability.

Publication 174, How to Avoid Dog Bites: Dogs and Dog Repellent
NSN: 7610-03-000-9027
PSIN: PUB174

Dog training video, Understanding Canine Behavior
Contact your PEDC for availability.

- Community Relations,
Public Affairs and Communications, 4-17-03